Which document is considered the foundation of Islamic beliefs?

The Quran is considered the foundation of Islamic beliefs because it is regarded as the literal word of God (Allah) as revealed to the Prophet Muhammad through the Angel Gabriel over a period of approximately 23 years. It serves as the primary source of guidance for Muslims in matters of faith, law, morality, and personal conduct. The Quran presents the fundamental tenets of Islam, including the concepts of monotheism, prophethood, and the afterlife, and it outlines the ways in which Muslims are expected to live.

The other documents listed, while significant in their respective religions, do not serve as the foundational text for Islamic beliefs. The Torah is central to Judaism, the Bible is the holy scripture for Christianity, and the Tripitaka is important in Buddhism. Each of these texts is pivotal within its own tradition, but the Quran distinctly holds that position within Islam, shaping its practices and beliefs comprehensively.