What was one of Pope Pius VII’s contributions in relation to Napoleon?

Pope Pius VII's contribution in relation to Napoleon primarily involved resisting him peacefully. This approach was demonstrated through various theological and diplomatic actions during a tumultuous period in European history, particularly as Napoleon sought to exert control over the Catholic Church and European territories.

Pius VII initially sought to maintain a cooperative relationship with Napoleon, negotiating agreements such as the Concordat of 1801, which aimed to reconcile the Church with the French state after the disruptions of the Revolution. However, as tensions grew and Napoleon's ambitions became increasingly evident, especially with his crowning as Emperor and the annexation of the Papal States, Pius VII adopted a stance of non-violent resistance.

The Pope emphasized the spiritual authority of the Church and refused to compromise on key principles and autonomy, despite facing pressure. This peaceful resistance included his refusal to support some of Napoleon's reforms and his eventual imprisonment after refusing to crown Napoleon's new wife, which demonstrated his commitment to the Church's independence.

Understanding this context highlights the significance of Pius VII's approach in a time when many leaders were engaged in military action and conflict, showing that diplomatic and peaceful resistance can be a powerful form of opposition.