What is "Samsara" in Hindu and Buddhist traditions?

Samsara refers to the continual cycle of birth, death, and rebirth experienced by all living beings in Hindu and Buddhist traditions. This concept emphasizes the transient nature of life and existence and the persistent cycle in which souls are reborn into new bodies according to their karma, or the moral quality of their past actions. The goal within these spiritual paths is often to achieve liberation from samsara, which is referred to as moksha in Hinduism and Nirvana in Buddhism.

Understanding samsara highlights the beliefs about life, death, and the interconnectedness of all beings, shaping the moral and philosophical outlooks in these religions. It serves as an essential framework for discussing the consequences of one's actions and the pursuit of spiritual enlightenment.