What does 'Hinduism' refer to?

Hinduism refers to a diverse set of beliefs and practices, which is a defining characteristic of the religion. Unlike many other religions that have a singular founding figure or a unified set of doctrines, Hinduism encompasses a wide variety of traditions, philosophies, rituals, and cultural practices that have evolved over thousands of years.

This diversity stems from the fact that Hinduism is not just a religion but a complex system of various sects, schools of thought, and regional variations. It includes beliefs ranging from monotheistic views to polytheistic practices, reflecting its inclusive nature. Additionally, Hinduism recognizes different paths to the divine and emphasizes personal exploration of spirituality, allowing worshippers to engage with the divine in ways that resonate with them individually.

The other options do not accurately capture the essence of Hinduism. It is not a singular religious doctrine; rather, it harmonizes multiple beliefs and practices. Describing it as monotheistic overlooks the polytheistic aspects that are a significant part of the tradition. Finally, labeling it as a tribal religion minimizes its rich historical development and its status as a major world religion with millions of adherents globally.