What are the main teachings of Confucianism?

Confucianism is fundamentally centered around ethical conduct, the importance of social harmony, and the cultivation of moral virtues. The core teachings emphasize morality and proper social relationships, highlighting concepts such as filial piety, respect for one's elders, and the importance of community. It advocates for a hierarchical social structure where each individual has a role and responsibilities, fostering a sense of order and respect.

Additionally, Confucianism stresses the significance of tradition in guiding behavior and maintaining stability in society. The teachings encourage individuals to cultivate virtues like benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, and trustworthiness, which are crucial for fostering harmonious relationships both within the family and in broader society.

The other choices either misrepresent the principles of Confucianism or introduce irrelevant themes. The emphasis on economic growth and technological advancement is not a central tenet; rather, Confucianism focuses on moral and ethical development. A belief in multiple gods and spirits is more aligned with other religious traditions, such as polytheistic religions. Lastly, while individual happiness may be valued, Confucianism prioritizes social responsibility and the well-being of the community over personal desires, reinforcing the idea that one's happiness is intertwined with their duty to others.