What are the main branches of Christianity?

The main branches of Christianity are Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, and Protestantism. This classification reflects the significant historical and theological differences that have developed over time within the faith.

Roman Catholicism is characterized by its adherence to the authority of the Pope and the traditions of the Church, focusing on the sacraments as a means of grace. Eastern Orthodoxy encompasses various national churches that share common theological beliefs and practices, emphasizing the continuity of holy tradition alongside Scripture. Protestantism emerged in the 16th century during the Reformation as a reaction against certain practices and doctrines of the Catholic Church, leading to a diverse range of denominations with varying interpretations of Christian teachings.

The other options listed represent different religions entirely. Islam, Hinduism, and Buddhism belong to distinct belief systems with their own unique teachings and practices. Similarly, Judaism, Taoism, Confucianism, Sikhism, Jainism, and Shinto are all separate religious traditions that do not fall under the umbrella of Christianity. Thus, the three branches outlined in the correct answer accurately capture the major divisions within Christianity itself.